¡@
®Ñµû¡RReadings in Chinese Literary Thought
®Ñ¦W¡GReadings in Chinese Literary Thought §@ªÌ¡GStephen Owenqq ¥Xª©¡GHarvard University Press ¥Xª©¤é´Á¡G1992 ¶¼Æ¡G674 ¶ |
|
¡@¡@
¡@¡@¤@ª½¥H¨Ó¡A¬ã¨s¤¤°ê¤å¾Çªº¦è¤è±MµÛ¬°¼Æ©|¤£ºâ¤Ö¡A¦ý¦b¬Û¤ñ¤§¤U¡A¥H¦è¤è»y¨¥³B²z¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç²z½×§åµûªº§@«~«o¨Ã¤£¦h¨£¡Cª½¦Ü¤@¤E¤C¤¦~¡A¬üÄyµØ¸Ç¾ÇªÌ¼BY·M¤~±À¥X¥L¨º¥»³QºÙ§@¡u²Ä¤@¥»¥H·í¥N¦è¤è¤èªk¤ÀªR¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç²z½×ªº§@«~¡v¡G¡m¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç²z½×¡n¡]Chinese Theories of Literature¡^¡C{1}¦¹«á·íµM¤]´¿¦³¹L¦³Ãö¤¤°ê¤å½×ªº¦è¤è±MµÛ¡A¦ý³Ì¨ã³W¼Ò¦a¥þ±±´°Q¶Ç²Î¤¤°ê¤å½×ªºÁÙnºâ¦t¤å©Ò¦w¡]Stephen Owen¡^ªº¡m¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç«ä·Q¿ïŪ¡n¡]Readings in Chinese Literary Thought¡^¡C ¡@¡@¦t¤å©Ò¦w¥iºâ¬O¤@¦ì¦b¦è¤è¾Ç³NÅé¨î¤¤¨ü°Vªº¨å«¬¬üÄyº~¾Ç®a¡C¥L¥H¹ïÁú·U¤Î©s¥ªº±M½×°_®a¡AÄ~¦Ó¤S¥Xª©¹L¡mªìð¸Ö¡n¡]The
Poetry of Early T'ang¡^¤Î¡m²±ð¸Ö¡n¡]The Great Age of Chinese Poetry: The High
T'ang¡^¨â¥U¥¨¶°¡A³þ©w¤F¨ä¤¤°ê¸Ö¾Ç±M®aªº¦ì¸m¡C¥L«á¨Ó¬ÛÄ~¥Xª©¤F¡m¶Ç²Î¤¤°ê¸Ö¤Î¸Ö¾Ç¡n¡]Traditional
Chinese Poetry and Poetics¡^¡B¡m¦^¾Ð¡n¡]Remembrances¡^¡B¡m°g¼Ó¡n¡]Mi-lou:
Poetry and the Labyrinth of Desire¡^µ¥¦³Ãö¶Ç²Î¤¤°ê¸Ö¾Çªº§@«~¡C{2}¹ï¬ã¨s¤¤°ê¤å¾Çªº¦è¤è¾ÇªÌ¨Ó»¡¡A±q±M®a¸Ö¨ì¸Ö¾Ç¨ì¤å¾Ç²z½×¨ä¹ê¥iºâ¬O¤@ºØ¬Û·í¶¶²z¦¨³¹ªºµo®i¡C{3}ÁöµM¡m¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç«ä·Q¿ïŪ¡n¬O¥H¿èĶ¤¤°ê¤å½×¬°¥D¡A{4}¦ý¦b³o«p¹F¤»¦Ê¦h¶ªº§@«~¤¤¡A§@ªÌ«a¤W¤F¸Ô²Óªº¾É½×¡A¨Ã¹ï¨C¬q¿ï¤å§@¥Xµû½×¤Îªþ¤W³N»y·Jn¡C§Ṳ́j¥i±q³o¨Ç½×z¿h¨£§@ªÌ¹ï¤¤°ê¤å½×ªº¤@¨Ç¬}¨£»P¤£¨£¡C ¾É½×¡G±q¡u¾É½×¡v½Í°_ ¡@¡@¡m¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç«ä·Q¿ïŪ¡n¥þ®Ñ¦@¤À¤Q¤@³¹¡]¥]¬A¤F±q¥ý¯³¨ì²M¥Nªº¤å½×¿ïĶ¤Îµû½×¡^¡A¨Ã»²¥H¾É½×¡B³N»y·Jn¡B¸Ô²Óªº¤¤¦èµÛ§@ªº°Ñ¦Ò®Ñ¥Ø¤Î¯Á¤Þ¡C¦t¤å©Ò¦w¦b¡u¾É½×¡v¤¤ÂI¥X¤F¤TºØ³B²z¤¤°ê¤å½×ªº¤èªk¡G¤@/¡D¦p¼BY·Mªº¡m¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç²z½×¡n¯ë¥H¤@Ó²z½×¬[ºc±N¤¤°ê¤å½×¨t²Î¤Æ¡F¤G/¡D¦p³«ä¹F¡]John Timothy Wixted¡^¯ë±´¯Á¬YºØ¸ÖÅ骺¬yÅÜ¡F¤T/¡D¦p§EÄ_µY¡]Pauline Yu¡^¯ë±´°Q¬YÓ½ÒÃD¦b¸Ö¾Ç¶Ç²Îªºµo®i¡C{5}¦t¤å©Ò¦w»{¬°¦Û¤v«h¬O¹Á¸Õ«ö²Ä¥|ºØ¤è¦¡¥h¸É¨¬¹ï¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç²z½×§åµûªº¬ã¨s¡G¥H¿ïŪªº¤è¦¡¡A³q¹L¤å¥»¥h¶D»¡¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç«ä·Qªº¬G¨Æ¡C¡]¶ 13¡^{6} ¡@¡@§@ªÌÅãµM¤F¸Ñ¨ì¿ïŪ¤§¤£¨¬¡A¦]¦¹«K¶}©v©ú¸q¦aÁn©ú¤£¨D¥þ±¡CÁöµM¦p¦¹¡A§@ªÌ©Ò¿ïªº¤å½×¥]¬A¤F±q¥ý¯³ª½¦Ü²M¥Nªº«nµÛ§@¡AÅkµM¬O¤@³¡¾ú¥N¤å½×¿ï¡C¨ä¹ê¦t¤å©Ò¦w¦b¸g¹L¤F¦p¡m¦^¾Ð¡n¤Î¡m°g¼Ó¡n¯ë¸û´I³Ð§@©Êªº§@«~¤§«á¡A¦b¡m¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç«ä·Q¿ïŪ¡n¤¤¥i»¡«¬B¡mªìð¸Ö¡n¤Î¡m²±ð¸Ö¡n®É¥Nªº¨å«¬º~¾Ç¬ã¨s¤è¦¡¡C·íµM¡A¤µ¦¸¥L±N½×z¼h¦¸±À®i¦Ü¤å½×¡A§ó¥[¾d©T¥L§@¬°¬ã¨s¤¤°ê¾\Ū¶Ç²Îªº¦è¤è±M®a¤§¯S®í¨¤À¡C¦t¤å©Ò¦w¤]´¿§@¦³Ãö¤ñ¸û¤å¾Çªº½×z¡A¦ý©¹©¹¥u¬O¥H^¤å½Í½×¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç¡A¦Ó©¿²¤¤F¤@¨ÇµL¥iÁקKªº¤ñ¸û°ÝÃD¡C{7}¥L¤]¦]¦¹¤@¦A¨ü¨ì¤ñ¸û¤å¾Ç®aªº©áÀ»¡C¤]³\¦]¦¹¥L¦b®Ñ¤¤«¥Ó¥L©Ò¹w³]ªºÅªªÌFC63¬°¡u¹ï«D¦è¤èªº¤å¾Ç«ä·Q¶Ç²Î·P¿³½ìªº¦è¤è¾ÇªÌ¤Î¶}©l¬ãŪ¶Ç²Î¤¤°ê¤å¾Çªº¾Ç¥Í¡v¡C¡]¶ 12¡^ÁöµM¨S¦³¼Ð©ú¡A¦ý¥L©Ò»¡ªº¾Ç¥Í¦ÛµM¬O¦è¤è¾Ç¥Í¡]©Î¦b¦è¤è¾Ç³NÅé¨î¤¤ªº¤¤°ê¾Ç¥Í¡^¡C¹ïŪªÌFC63ªº°é©wµLºÃÁקK¤F¤£¤Ö¤ñ¸û¤å¾Çªº°ÝÃD¡A¦ý§Ú̵Lªk§_»{¥H^¤å¤ÀªR¤¤°ê¤å½×®Ú¥»¥²µM·|±a¥X¤ñ¸ûªº°ÝÃD¡C ¡@¡@¦AªÌ¡A¦t¤å©Ò¦w¦b¡u«e¨¥¡v¤¤¤S©Ó»{¥L¥i¯à¿òº|¤F¤@¨Ç§O¤H»{¬°¤£¥i©Î¯Êªº§@«~¡C¥LÁnºÙ¥L¬O§Æ±æ±N¦¹®Ñ³]p¬°¡u¶}©ñ¡vªº¤å¥»¡A´Á±æ¤é«á¥L¦Û¤v©Î¨ä¥L¤H¯à°÷¥[¥H¸É¥R¡C¡]¶
viii¡^¬JµM§@ªÌ«ÅºÙ¨ä¿ïŪ¬O¶}©ñ¦¡ªº¡A§Ṳ́]¤£¥²°õ©í¥L©Ò¿ïªº¤å½×¬O§_¦X¾A¡C§Ú¤Ï¦Ó§Æ±æ¹Á¸Õ±q¡u«e¨¥¡v¤Î¡u¾É½×¡v¤¤ªº¡u¤k´E¡v¦¡½×ÂI¤¤Â½¥X¤@¨Ç°ÝÃD¡C¹ï¦è¤èŪªÌ¨º¥i¯à¬O׸ɵL¯Êªº«C¤Ñ¡A¦ý¹ï¤¤°êŪªÌ¦Ó¨¥¡A¤¤°ê¤å¥»¥i¯àÅܦ¨¤FÁå¥Û¸É«C¤Ñªº§÷®Æ¡C§Ṳ́]³\¥i¥H³q¹L¶i¤J¦t¤å©Ò¦wªº¤å¥»ªº»ØÁ_¡A±q¦Ó¶}©Ý¥X¹ï¤¤°êŪªÌ¦³³]¨Ãö«Yªº½×z½ÒÃD¡A¨Ã±N¦¹®Ñ³Ð³y©Ê¦aÂà¤Æ¬°¥i¥H§ð¥Éªº¥L¤s¤§¥Û¡C ¡u¿ïŪ¡vªº°ÝÃD ¡@¡@¤ð®e¸mºÃ¡A¥ô¦ó¿ïŪ¤]Ãø¥HÁקK¦³¥HºÞ¿s¤Ñ¤§±Í¡C¦t¤å©Ò¦w¦b«e¨¥¤¤©Ò´£¥Xªº¡u¶}©ñ¦¡¡vµ²ºc¥i»¡¬O¤Q¤À¦X²zªº¹ïµ¦¡CµM¦Ó¡A¥L¥ø¹Ï±N¨S¦³¦¬¤J®Ñ¤¤ªº¤å¥»¤]¡uÁô³ë¦¡¡vªº¯Ç¤J¨ä¤å¥»¤§¤º¡A±q¦Ó§e²{¥X¤¤°ê§åµû¶Ç²Îªº±ý±æ«o¥s§Ṳ́£±o¤£´£¥X¤@¨Ç°ÝÃD¡A¦Ó³o¨Ç°ÝÃD¬OµL½×¤¤°ê©Î¦è¤èŪªÌ¤]¤£À³©¿²¤ªº¡C ¡@¡@¦b¡u¦´Á¤å¥»¡vªº¤@³¹¡A¦t¤å©Ò¦w¥u¿ïĶ¤F¤@¬q¡m²ø¤l¡n§@¬°¹D®a¤å¾Ç«ä·Qªº¥Nªí¡C¡q¤Ñ¹D¡r¤¤½ü«óªº¬G¨Æ©TµM¯à°÷±a¥X¹D®a¤å¾Ç«ä·Qªº¯SÂI?ù®Ú¿A©Ò¨¥¤§¡u®Ñ¤åÁV²Ë½×¡v¡C{8}¦t¤å©Ò¦w¥Dn¬O¥H³o¬G¨Æ§@¬°¡m©s¤l¡D¸U³¹³¹¥y¤U¡n¤¤¡u¹|¨ä¸Ö¡v¤Î¡uŪ¨ä®Ñ¡vªº¹ï¤ñ¡C¥L»{¬°¾§®a¸g¨å¤jP¤W³£±j½Õ»y¨¥¦b§@¬°§@ªÌªí²{¨ä¤º¦b¥Í©R¤Î©P¾D¤§ªÀ·|¥@¬Éªº´C¤¶¨Ó»¡¬OºÙ¾ªº¡A¦Ó¦´Áªº¹D®a¤å¥»«h©¹©¹¤ÏÃÒ»y¨¥¬O¤£¨¬ªº¡C¡]¶ 8-9¡^ ¹D®a¹ï»y¨¥¤§¤£«H¥ô¦Û¤£«Ý¨¥¡A¦ý¾§®a¤]´¿¦³¡u®Ñ¤£ºÉ¨¥¡A¨¥¤£ºÉ·N¡v¡]¡môÃã¶Ç¡n¡^¤§»¡¡C¡]¦t¤å©Ò¦w¤]¦³¿ïĶ³o¬q¤å¦r¡A¨£¶
31¡C¡^¬JµM¸t¤H¤]±j½Õ¡u¥ß¶H¥HºÉ·N¡v¡A¾§®a¤å¾Ç«ä·Q¬Ý¨Ó¨Ã«D¦p¦t¤å©Ò¦w©Ò¨¥¯ë§¹¥þ¬Û«H¨¥¥iºÉ·N¡C±N¾§¹D«ä·Q¦b¨¥·N°ÝÃD¤§¤Wªº¨ú¦V²¤Æ¬°¤@ºØ¹ï¥ßÅܬÛÀ£§í¤F°ÝÃDªº«n©Ê¡C¤ñ¤è¡A¹D®a«ä·Q«K³Q³æ¯Â¦aµø§@¾§®a«ä·Qªº¤ÏÃÒ¡C·íµM¡A¹D®a¦b«Ü¦h°ÝÃD¤§¤W¤]¬O§Ü¿Å¾§®aªº¡CµM¦Ó¡A¸Û¦p®}´_Æ[¥ý¥Í©Ò¨¥¡A§@¬°¤¤°ê¤åÃÀ¥vªº«n¤ä¬W¤§¹D®a«ä·Qªº¡u¥XµoÂI¤Î¨äÂk±JÂI¡A¨ÌµM¬O¸¨¹ê©ó²{¹ê¤H¥Í¤§¤W¡v¡C{9}§Ú̦b¦t¤å©Ò¦wªºÄ¶¤å¤Îµû½×¤¤«o¦ü¥G¥u¯à·P¨ì¹D®a«ä·Q»P¾§®a«ä·Q¬Û¹ïªº¨ä¤¤¤@±¡A¨Ï¹D®a«ä·Q¬Ý¨Ó¥u¬°¶Ç²Î¤¤°ê¤å½×ªºÓ§O¬y¬£¡A¦Ó©¿²¤¤F¥¦¹ï¾ãÓ¤¤°ê¤å½×¶Ç²Îªº²`»·¼vÅT¡CYµM¦p¦¹¡A§Ú®£©È§ÚÌÃø¥H²z¸Ñ¦t¤å©Ò¦w¤]¦³¿ïĶªº¨º¨Ç²`¨ü¹D®a¼vÅT¤§§@«~¡]¦p¡m¤å½á¡n¡B¡m¤G¤Q¥|¸Ö«~¡n¤Î¡m·É®ö¸Ö¸Ü¡nµ¥¡^¤¤ªº¨¥·NÆ[¡C ¡u¦@»ï¡vªºÀ£§í ¡@¡@¥¿¥Ñ©ó¤Wzªºì¦]¡A¦t¤å©Ò¦w¦ü¥G¹ï¬Y¨Ç¤¤°ê§åµû³N»y¤§Â½Ä¶¡]¤]´N¬O²z¸Ñ¡^¦³©Ò°¾®t¡C¥Ñ©ó½g´T©Ò¡A§Ú¥´ºâ¥u«ö¤W¤åªº¯ßµ¸¸Ô²Ó°Q½×¡u·N¡vªº°ÝÃD¡C¦t¤å©Ò¦w¦b¾É½×¤¤¤w©Ó»{½Ķ¤¤°ê§åµû³N»y¤Q¤À§xÃø¡A¦]¬°¦³¨Ç§Þ³N©Êµü»y´X¥G¬O¤£¯à½Ķªº¡C¤ñ¤è¡A¥L¹ç±N¡u®ð¡vµÄ¶¬°¡§ch'i¡¨¡C¥i¬O¡A¥L«o¶É¦V±N¡u·N¡v½§@ ¡§concept¡¨¡]¤j·§¬O¡u·§©À¡vªº·N«ä¡^¡C{10} ¡@¡@µL¥i§_»{¡A½Ķªº§xÃø¥Dn¨Ó¦Û¤¤°ê¤åµû¶Ç²Î¨Ã¤£¼ö°J©ó°l¨D·§¬A©Êªº©w¸q¡A¦Ó¹ï³o¤@ÂI¦t¤å©Ò¦w¤]¦³¨ä¨£¸Ñ¡G ¡@¦b¦è¤è¶Ç²Î¤¤¸g±`¦s¦bµÛ°l¨Dºë½T©w¸q©M¤£¦P¤å¾Çµü»yªº¡u¦@»ï¡v¡]§Y¦b¤£¦P«ü¯A¹Òªp¤¤¦³¤£¦PªºÀ³¥Î¡A»Pºë½T©w¸qI¹D¦Ó¹£¡^³o¨âºØ±ý±æ¤§¶¡ªº±i¤O¡A¦Ó¤¤°ê¶Ç²Î«h¥u»{¬°¡u¦@»ï¡v¦³»ùÈ¡C¡]¶ 5¡^ ¥i±¤¡A¦t¤å©Ò¦w±N¡u·N¡v½¬°¡§concept¡¨ªº°µªk«o¦³±N¡u¤£¦P«ü¯A¹Òªp¤¤ªº¤£¦PÀ³¥Î¡v¦P½è¤Æ¤§¶û¡C¥BÅý§Ú¥H³°¾÷¡m¤å½á¡n¤¤¡u·N¤£ºÙª«¡A¤å¤£¶e·N¡vªº¡u·N¡v¬°¨Ò¤l¥h¶}©l¤ÀªR³oÓ°ÝÃD¡C¦t¤å©Ò¦w¤]¦³¤Þz³¢²Ð¸·¥ý¥Í¹ï¡m¤å½á¡nªº¡u·N¡v¤§¤£¦P¸ÑÄÀ¡A{11}¨Ã¥B¦P·N³¢²Ð¸·ªº»¡ªk¡A«ü¥X¡u·N¡v¥H¤Uªº¯SÂI¡G ¡@§Ú̦b¬Y¯S©w§@«~¤¤©Ò¨£¨ìªº¤£¬O´¶¹Mªº¡u·§©À¡v©Î¡u·N¡v¡A¦Ó¬O§@ªÌªº¡uÓ¤H·®æ¡v©ÒÅãÅSªº¤@ºØ¯S©w²z¸Ñ¤è¦¡¡C¡]¶ 81¡^ ¥i¬O¡A¥L¤´µM¦p¦b¨ä¥L¯ßµ¸¯ë±N¤§Â½¬°¡§conception¡¨¡C¡]¶ 81¡^³¢²Ð¸·¤]´¿«ü¥X³°¾÷±j½Õªº¬O¡u³q¹Lºc«ä©Ò§Î¦¨ªº·N¡A¬O·N©MÃ㪺²Î¤@¡v¡C{12}¦t¤å©Ò¦w¥Hºc«ä«eªº¡u·§©À¡v§@¬°¡u·N¡vªº°µªk¦ü¥G©¿²¤¤F·NÃã²Î¤@ªº«n©Ê¡C ¡@¡@¬°¤è«K¶i¤@¨B°Q½×°_¨£¡A¥BÅý§Ú¥ýĶ¥X¦t¤å©Ò¦w¦b¡u³N»y·Jn¡vªº³¡¤À¹ï¡u·N¡vªº¸ÑÄÀ¡G ¡@·N¡G·§©À¡B·Qªk¡B·N¸q¡C¡u·N¡v¤]³\¬O¸Ö¾Ç¤¤³ÌÃø½Ķªº§Þ³N©Êµü»y¡A¦]¬°¥¦¥HÃø¥H¦ôpªº¤è¦¡¸ó¶V¤F«Ü¤£¬Û¦Pªº^¤å·§©À¡C¡u·N¡v¦³µÛ«Ü¼sªxªº¥Î³~¡A±q¹ï¬Y¨ÇªF¦èªººëÅP¸àÄÀ¡]¦p«á¥ÁÃÀ´_¿³®É´Áªº concetto¡^¦Ü´¶¹MӮס]¬Y¨Ç¯S©wÆ[·P¤§¥ß¨¬ÂI©Î¨ä©Ò¤Þ¥X¤§±ÀÂ_¡^¡A¬Æ¦Ü¡u§t¸q¡v¡]import¡^¤Î¡u·N¨ý¡v¡]significance¡^¡C§Ú̳q±`±N¡u·N¡v¬Ý§@¬O¦s©ó«ä·Q¤¤¡A¦Ó«D²{¹ê¥@¬É¤¤ªº¡C¥¦¤S¬O¤@ºØ±N¤£¦P·P©x©ÒÀò±oªº¸ê®Æ¥[¥HÁpôªº¦æ¬°¡C¤ñ¤è¡A¸Ö¤H¥i¯à¬Ý¨ì²±©ñªºªá¦·¤Î·P¨ü¨ì©M·Öªº·L·¡G±q³o¨âºØ·P©xªº¨Æ¹ê±À®i¦Ü¼Ç¬Kªºªá¸¨©Î¦PÃþªº¨Æª««K¬O¡u·N¡v¡A§Y¬O¤@ºØ·P©x¸ê®Æªº¸àÄÀ©ÊÁpô¡C¡u·N¡v¥i¥H»¡¬O±q¦p¼Ç¬K¯ëªºÓ§O¨Æ¨Ò±À®i¦Ó¦¨ªº´¶¹MÃþ§O¡CµM¦Ó¡A¸Öºq¥i¯à¥u·|´£¤Îªá¦·¤Î·L·¡A¦ÓŪªÌ±q¦¹«K¥i»â·|¸Ö¤Hªº¡u·N¡v¡C¡u·N¡v¦³®É¬O¡u·N¦V¡v¡]intention¡^©Î¡u·NÄ@¡v¡]will¡^¡A¦Ó¦b¤å¾Ç¥Îªk¤¤¥¦¸g±`±a¦³·N¦V©Ê¡]intentionalty¡^ªº¦]¯À¡C¨ä¥L®ÉÔ¡u·N¡v¤]¥i³Q¼sªx¦a¥Î§@¬Y¤H·Q¤Î¨Æª«ªº¤è¦¡¡C»P¦¹¦³Ãöªº½Æ¦Xµü¦³¡u¥j·N¡v¡C¡]¶ 594¡^ ±q¡u³N»y·Jn¡v¤¤¹ï¡u·N¡vªº¸ÑÄÀ¨Ó¬Ý¡A¦t¤å©Ò¦w¦ü¥G¶É¦V·N¦V©Ê¡A¨Ã¥ø¹Ï±N¡u·N¡vÂkªð¨ì¡u·§©À¡vªº½dÃ¥¡C¨ä¹ê¦t¤å©Ò¦w¦b¦¹´£¥X¤§·N¦V©Ê¬O²{¥N¦è¤è¸àÄÀ¾Çªº±`¥ÎÆ[©À¡C¥L¦b¤W±ªº¤Þ¤å©Ò¥Îªº¨Ò¤l»P³\¬I¡]E. D. Hirsch¡^°Q½×·N¸q¡]meaning¡^»P·N¨ý¡]significance¡^ªº¤À§O®É©Ò¥Îªº¤]´X¥G¦p¥X¤@Âá¡C{13}¬d²{¥N¸àÄÀ¾Ç¦³µÛ¨âÓ´X¥G§¹¥þ¬Û¹ïªº¾Ç¬£¡G¥Ñ³\¬I¥Nªíªº¤@¬£°í«ù¤å¥»¤¤ªº·N¸q¥i«ö§@ªÌªº·N¦V©Ê¨M©w¡A¨Ã¥B¬O¤£Åܪº¡F¦Ó¥H¸¯¯Sº¿¡]Hans-Georg Gadamer¡^¬°ºªº¤@¬£¡uõ¾Ç¸àÄÀ¾Ç¡v«h»{©w¥Ñ©ó²z¸Ñ¥²©w±a¦³¥ý¨£¡]preunderstanding¡^¡A¦]¦Ó·|¦]¤H¦Ó²§¡A¬G·N¸q¬O¤£¥i¨M©w¤Î±`Åܪº¡C³\¬I¦Û¤vªº¸Ü¥¿¥iÁ`µ²¤F¨âªÌªº®t²§¡G¡u›N§ÚÌ›O³Ì¤jªº¤Àª[¦b©ó¸¯¯Sº¿½×©w·N¸q¥²µM¦³®t²§©Ê¡]differentness¡^¡A¦Ó§Ú«h°í«ù·N¸qªº¦P¤@©Ê¡]sameness¡^¬O¥i¯àªº¡C¡v{14}¨ä¹ê³\¬Iªº¸àÄÀ¾Ç²`¨üJ¶ëº¸¡]Edmund Husserl¡^¦³Ãö¤HÃþ·NÃѪº·N¦V²z½×¼vÅT¡A°í«H·N¦V¥i¥H§@¬°¨M©w¤å¥»¤¤ªº¤£ÅÜ·N¸qªº«ü¼Ð¡C¥L©Ò¿×¡u·N¸q¡v¬O«ü¡u¥»¤å¦r±¤Wªº¥þ³¡·N«ä¡v¡A¦Ó¡u·N¨ý¡v«h¬O¡u¥»¤å·N¸q»P¸û¤j¯ßµ¸ªºÃö«Y¡v¡C{15}ÁöµM¥L¦b¡q·N¸q»P·N¨ý¦AªR¡r¤@¤å¤¤ÂXÁï¤F·N¸qªº½d³ò¡A±N·sªº½d¨Ò¡]§Y¦t¤å©Ò¦w¤W±©Ò»¡ªº¡u¸àÄÀ©ÊÁpô¡v¡^¤]µø§@·N¸qªº¤@³¡¤À¡A¦ý¨ä½×ÂI¤´µLªk·Ç½T¸ÑÄÀ¤¤°ê¶Ç²Î¤¤ªº¡u·N¡v¡C¸Û¦p®}´_Æ[©Ò¨¥¡AÁéÀ¯¡m¸Ö«~¡n¤¤¡u¤å¦³ºÉ¦Ó·N¦³¾l¡vªº¡u·N¡v¡u¨M¤£¬O¡y·N¸q¡zªº·N¡A¦Ó¥u¬O¡y·N¨ý¡zªº·N¡C¡v{16} ¡@¡@¦t¤å©Ò¦w¦b¡m¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç«ä·Q¿ïŪ¡n¤¤¨Ã¨S¦³¿ïĶÁéÀ¯ªº¡m¸Ö«~¡n¡A¦ý·í¥L½Ķ¥i»¡»P¡u¤å¦³ºÉ¦Ó·N¦³¾l¡v¤@¯ß¬Û©Óªº¡u¨¥¦³ºÉ¦Ó·NµL½a¡v¡]¡m·É®ö¸Ö¸Ü¡n¡^®É¡A¥L¬O±N¡u·N¡v½§@¡§meaning¡¨¡]·N¸q¡^ªº¡C¡]¶ 406¡^±q¦¹¥i¨£¥L¤´¦]¬°¶É¦V·N¦V©Ê¦Ó°¾°õ©ó·N¸q¤§½dÃ¥¡A©¿²¤¤F¤¤°ê¶Ç²Î¬O¥H·N¨ý¬°«ªº¡C¦]¦¹¥LµLªk»â²¤¡m¤G¤Q¥|¸Ö«~¡n¨ººØ§åµû»P³Ð§@¡A¥H¤Îªí²{»P¦A²{ªº²Î¤@¡A¦Ó¥u¯à¬Û·í¦L¶H¦¡¦Ó¦³¤í¤½¤¹ªº±N¡m¤G¤Q¥|¸Ö«~¡nºÙ¬°¡u¯u¥¿¦L¶H¦¡¡vªº§@«~¡C¡]¶ 299¡^ ¡@¡@·íµM§Ú¨Ã¤£¬On°w¹ï¦t¤å©Ò¦w½Ķªº¤£·Ç½T¡A¨ä¹ê©Ò¦³Â½Ä¶³£Ãø§K¦³¤£§¹µ½ªº¦a¤è¡]¤å¾Ç²z½×ªºÂ½Ä¶°ÝÃD¤]³\§ó¬Æ¡^¡C§Ú¥Dn¬O·Q¥H³oÓ¨Ò¤l¥hÂI¥X¦t¤å©Ò¦w¦b»{©w¤¤°ê¶Ç²Î«µø¦@»ï¡A¦Ó¤S¤£°l¨Dºë½T©w¸q¤§®É¡A¥L¥»¨«o¶É¦V¥i½T©wªº·N¸q¡C¥Lªº°µªk¤S·|§_ÅܬÛÀ£§í¤F¡u·N¡v¦b¤£¦P«ü¯A¹Òªp¤¤ªº¦@»ï©O¡H¤ñ¤è¡A°²Y§Ú̱NÄY¦Ðªº¡u·N¡v°é¦º¦b·N¸qªº¥i¨M©w©Ê¤§¤¤ªº¸Ü¡A¡u¨¥¦³ºÉ¦Ó·NµL½a¡v¨ººØµL¸ñ¥i´Mªº·N¨ý«KµLªk¬¡¼âªº¦Û§Úl¥Í¡C³oºØ¹ï¦@»ïªºÀ£§í¨ä¹ê¥i¥HÂkµ²¨ì¨âºØ§åµû½×zªº®t²§¤§¤W¡C°l¨Dºë½T©w¸qªº¦è¤è½×zÃø§K±N°l¨D¦@»ïªº¤¤°ê½×z¡u©w¸q¡v¡A¦]¦¹Â½Ä¶«K©¹©¹·|§â¥»¨Óªº·N¨ý¼É¤O¦a¸àÄÀ¬°¬YºØ¯S©w·N¸q¡C ¡@ º~¾Ç®aªºµJ¼{¡H ¡@¡@¹ï©ó¦t¤å©Ò¦w¤§°jÁפ¤¦è§åµû½×z¤§¶¡ªº°ÝÃD¡A§ÚÌ¥i¶D½Ñ¥L¹ï¥_®qªº§åµû¨Ó§@¶i¤@¨B¤ÀªR¡C¦t¤å©Ò¦w´¿§åµû¥_®qªº¸Ö§@¡A»{¬°¥Lªº§@«~¥i¥H»´©ö¦aĶ¦¨^¤å¡F¨º§Y¬O»¡¥_®qªº§@«~¤£¯à¦A¨Ï¤H·P¨ü¨ì§@ªÌªº¥Á±Ú¤å¤Æ¡A¦Ó¬O´X¥G¤w¸g§¹¥þ¡u°ê»Ú¤Æ¡v¡]§Y^¤å¤Æ¤Î½×z¤Wªº°Ó«~¤Æ¡^¡C{18}©PÁ¢´¿¤j¤O§åµû¦t¤å©Ò¦w¡A«ü¥¸¥L¹ï¥_®qªº§åµû¬O·½©ó¥L¡u¹ï¦Û¤v›N§@¬°º~¾Ç®a›Oªº¾Ç³N¦ì¸mªºµJ¼{¡C¡v{19}´«¨¥¤§¡A¦b§@¬°º~¾Ç®aªº¦t¤å©Ò¦wªº¤ß¤¤¦´N¦³FBF3¹ï¡u¤¤°ê¡vªº¯S©w¦L¶H¡A¦Ó¨º§Î¶H¦³FBF3¤@ºØ¥u¦³±M®a¤~¯à¤F¸Ñªº¯«¯µ¯À½è¡C¦p¤µ¥_®qªº¸Ö´X¥G¥i¥Hª½Ä¶¡A§Ï©»¥´¯}¤F±q«e¨ºÓ¯«¯µ¦ÓÃø¥H²z¸Ñªº¯«¸Ü¡C³oºØ¡u¸Ñ°£¯«¯µ¡v·|ÄY«ªº«I¥Ç¦t¤å©Ò¦w§@¬°º~¾Ç®aªº¨¤À¡C{20} ¡@¡@³oºØ¡uº~¾Ç®aªºµJ¼{¡v¦b¡m¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç«ä·Q¿ïŪ¡n¤¤¬LµM¥i¨£¡C§_«h¦t¤å©Ò¦w¤]¤£·|¦bªÖ©w¤¤°ê©M¦è¤è§åµû¶Ç²Îªº®t²§¡]¦@»ï©Mºë½T©w¸q¡^¤§«á¡A«o¤S¦b¨ä½Ķ¤¤·t¤¤±N®t²§À£§í¤U¥h¡A¨Ã°jÁפ¤¦è½×z¤§¤£µ¥©Êªº°ÝÃD¡C³oºØ°µªkµ¹¤Hªº·Pı¬O¦t¤å©Ò¦w¦]¬°¦û¾Ú¤Fº~¾Ç®aªºÀu¶V¦ì¸m¡A©ó¬O«K¥iÀH·N¨M©w¦b¬Æ»ò¦a¤è±N®t²§¥YÅã¡A¤S¦b¬Æ»ò¦a¤è±N®t²§À£§í¡C³Ì¿Ø¨ëªº¬O³oºØÀH·N¦¬©ñ¤S¥i±¼¹L¨Ó¾d©T¥L¥»¨ªº¦ì¸m¡C ¡@ ¤pµ² ¡@¡@µL½×¦p¦ó¡A¦p¡m¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç«ä·Q¿ïŪ¡n¯ë°w¹ï¤¤°ê¤å½×¶Ç²Îªº¦è¤è§@«~¹ê¤£¦h¨£¡A§@ªÌªº³¥¤ßÁÙ¬O¥s¤H´Ü¨Øªº¡CÁöµM«Ü¦h¤ñ¸û¤å¾Ç®a´¿§åµû¦t¤å©Ò¦w¦b¤ñ¸û§åµû¤Wªº¤£¨£¡A¦ý¡m¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç«ä·Q¿ïŪ¡n¹ï¤¤°ê¤å½×ªº°ê»Ú¤Æ¤§°^Äm¬O¤£®e§_»{ªº¡C·íµM¡A¤¤°ê¤å½×ªº^Ķ¨Ã«D°ê»Ú¤Æªº¥²µM©Î°ß¤@´C¬É¡C§Ú·Q¤¤°ê¾ÇªÌ¹ï·í¤µ§åµû½×z¦@¦PÃö¤ßªº½ÒÃD§@¥X³Ð«Ø©Ê¦^À³¡A®¶°_¤¤¦è½×z¤§¶¡ªº¡u¦@»ï¡v¤~¬O³Ì«nªº¦]¯À¡C¦]¦¹¡A§Ú̦³¥²n»{²M°^Ämªº¨â¤è±¡C¥¿±ªº°^Äm¥i»¡¬O±N¤¤°ê¤å½×¶Ç²Î¥H¦è¤èŪªÌ©Ò¯à²z¸Ñªº¤è¦¡¦³¨t²Î¦a¤Þ¤¶¨ì¦è¤è¤å¾Â¡A¬°¤¤¦è¤å½×ªº¹ï¸Ü¾Q¸ô¡C¹ï¤¤°êŪªÌ¦Ó¨¥¡A¥¦ªº°^Äm«h¥i¯à§ó¦b©ó¡u¤Ï±¡v¡C¦b¤µ¤é³oÓ¤£¯à¦A©T¨B¦Û«Ê¦a§@¬ã¨sªº®É¥N¡A¾\Ū¦è¤è§@«~¹ï§Ú̪º¶Ç²Î¤§¤ÀªR¯à§U§Ú̱q¸ó¤å¤Æªº§ó¼sÁïµø³¥¥h¼fµø¦Û¤vªº¶Ç²Î¡A¤]§ó¯à¹ï¤¤°ê¤å¤Æ¦b¥@¬É©Ê½×z¤¤ªº§Î¶H§@¥X¦JÂÕ¥¿«Uªº¤u¤Ò¡C¡m¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç«ä·Q¿ïŪ¡n¯à°÷¶}®i¥X¤£¤Ö¤¤¦è½×z¤£¨ó½Õªº°ÝÃD¡A¦Û§Ú§e²{¥X±q¦è¤è¾\Ū¤¤°ê¤å½×ªº§x¹Ò¡C³o¤£³æ¯à¬°¤¤°ê¤å½×´£¨Ñ§ó¦h½×zªÅ¶¡¡A¤]¥i§@¬°¨ä¥L¤¤°ê¤å¥võ½×zªº°ê»Ú¤Æªº½d¨Ò¡C·íµM¡A§Ú̧󾬱æ¦t¤å©Ò¦w¦Û¤v¯à¹ï¨ä¿ïŪ§@¥X§å§P©Êªº¾\Ū¡A±À®i¥X¤@®M¤¤¦è¤å¤Æ¤§¶¡ªº¤å¾Ç§åµû²z½×¡C
|
{1}Jeanette L. Faurot, Modern Language Journal; Âà¤Þ¦Û James Liu, Chinese Theories of Literature ¡]Chicago: University of Chicago Press,1975¡^ªº«Ê©³¡C {2}Stephen Owen, The Poetry of Han Yu and Meng Chiao ¡]New Haven: Yale University Press, 1972¡^; The Poetry of Early T'ang ¡]New Haven: Yale University Press, 1977¡^; The Great Age of Chinese Poetry: The High T'ang ¡]New Haven: Yale University Press, 1981¡^; Traditional Chinese Poetry and Poetics: Omen of the World ¡]Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1985¡^; Remembrances: The Experience of the Past in Classical Chinese Literature ¡]Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1986¡^; Mi-lou: Poetry and the Labyrinth of Desire ¡]Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1989¡^. {3}¦t¤å©Ò¦w¤]´¿¼g¹L¦³Ãö¤¤°ê¸àÄÀ²z½×ªº¤å³¹¡G``The Historicity of Understanding''›N¡q²z¸Ñªº¾ú¥v©Ê¡r›O¡A¦¬¦b Tamkang Review 14 ¡]1983-4¡^: PP.435-466. ¥L¥ç´¿«ü¾É¹L³o¤è±ªº³Õ¤h½×¤å¡GSteven Van Zoeren, Poetry and Personality: A Study of the Hermeneutics of `The Classic of Odes','' ›N¡m¸Ö»PÓ©Ê¡G¡q¸Ö¸g¡r¸àÄÀ¾Ç¬ã¨s¡n›O¡]PhD diss., Harvard University, 1986¡^«á¨Ó§ï¼g¬° Poetry and Personality: Reading, Exegesis and Hermeneutics in Traditional China›N¡m¸Ö»PÓ©Ê¡G¶Ç²Î¤¤°ê¤¤ªº¾\Ū¡Bµù¸Ñ»P¸àÄÀ¡n›O¡]Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1991¡^. {4}¨ä¹ê±Mªù¿èĶ¤¤°ê¤å½×ªº§@«~¤]¤£¦h¨£¡A¨ä¤¤¸û«nªº¥iºâ¶À¥ü³Çªº¡m¤¤°ê¥j¥N¤å¾Ç§åµû¡n¡]Wong Siu-kit, Early Chinese Literary Criticism. Hong Kong: Joint Publishing Company, 1983¡^. {5}Stephen Owen, Readings in Chinese Literary Thought¡]Cambridge and London: Harvard University Press, 1992¡^, p.13. ¤U¤å¹ï¦¹®Ñªº¤Þz±N¥u¼Ð©ú¶¼Æ¡C¦t¤å©Ò¦w©ÒÁ|ªº¤TÓ½d¨Ò¨Ì¦¸¬° James Liu, Chinese Theories of Literature; John Timothy Wixted, Poems on Poetry: Literary Criticism by Yuan Hao-wen ¡]1190-1257¡^›N¡mµú¸Ö¸Ö¡G¤¸¦n°Ýªº¤å¾Ç§åµû¡n›O¡]Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1982¡^; Pauline Yu, The Reading of Imagery in the Chinese Tradition›N¡m¾\Ū¤¤°ê¶Ç²Î¤¤ªº·N¶H¡n›O¡]Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987¡^. {6}§ÚÌn©ú¥Õ¦t¤å©Ò¦w¦³¤@ӻᬰ©_©Çªº½×ÂI¡G¥L¤@ª½»{¬°¤å¥»·|¹w³]¹ï¨ä¥»¨ªº¸àÄÀ¡A¦]¦Ó¤å¥»¥i¦Û§Ú§e²{¥X¥¦¦Û¤v¨ºÓ¶Ç²Îªº¾\Ū¦¨³W¡C°Ñ¨£ Owen, ``The Historicity of Understanding.'' {7}°Ñ¨£©å¤å ``Reading Traditional Chinese Poetics from the West: Three Exemplary Positions,'' in Tsing-Hua Journal of Chinese Studies, New Series XXIII¡]Sept 1993¡^: pp. 308-320. ¤¤¤åª©¥»¡q±q¦è¤è¾\Ū¶Ç²Î¤¤°ê¸Ö¾Ç¡r¦¬¦b©åµÛ¡m«áªF¤è¥D¸q¡G¤¤¦è¤å¤Æ§åµû½×zµ¦²¤¡n¡]ªO¾ô¡GÀd¾m¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1994¡^¡C {8}¦¹»yÂà¤Þ¦Ûù®Ú¿A¡G¡m¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç§åµû¥v¡n¡]¤W®ü¡G¤W®ü¥jÄy¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1984¡^¡A¶ 61¡C {9}®}´_Æ[¡G¡m¤¤°êÃÀ³Nºë¯«¡n¡]¥x¥_¡G¾Ç¥Í®Ñ§½¡A1967¡^¡A¶ 46¡C {10}¦t¤å©Ò¦w¦b¾É½×¤¤¤]©Ó»{³o¤@ÂI¡F°Ñ¨£¶ 17¡C {11}¦³Ãö³¢²Ð¸·¥ý¥Í¹ï¡m¤å½á¡nªº¡u·N¡v¤§¤£¦P¸ÑÄÀ¡A°Ñ¨£³¢²Ð¸·¡G¡q½×³°¾÷¡m¤å½á¡n¤¤©Ò¿×¡u·N¡v¡r¡A¡m¤å¾Çµû½×¡n¡]1964 ¦~ 1 ¤ë¡^¡A¶ 8-14¡F¦¬¤J³¢²Ð¸·¡G¡m·Ó¶¨«Ç¥j¨å¤å¾Ç½×¶°¡n¤U¥U¡]¤W®ü¥jÄy¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1983¡^¡C {12}³¢²Ð¸·¡G¡q½×³°¾÷¡m¤å½á¡n¤¤©Ò¿×¡u·N¡v¡r¡A¶ 9¡C {13}°Ñ¨£ E. D. Hirsch, The Aims of Interpretation›N¡m¸àÄÀªº¥Øªº¡n›O¡]Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976¡^. p.2. §ÚɥΤF®}´_Æ[¥ý¥Íªº¦r²´¨Ó±N¡§meaning¡¨Â½§@·N¸q¡A¡§significance¡¨Â½§@·N¨ý¡C¨£®}´_Æ[¡G¡qÄÀ¸Öªº¤ñ¿³–«·s³þ©w¤¤°ê¸ÖªºªY½à°ò¦¡r¡A¦¬©ó¨ä¡m¤¤°ê¤å¾Ç½×¶°¡n¡]¥x¥_¡G¾Ç¥Í®Ñ§½¡A1976¡^¡A¶ 91-117¡C {14}E. D. Hirsch, ``Meaning and Significance Reinterpreted'' ›N¡q·N¸q»P·N¨ý¦AªR¡r›O¡A¦¬¦b Critical Inquiry 11¡]Autumn 1984¡^, p.214. ¦³Ãö¸¯¯Sº¿ªº¸àÄÀ¾Ç¥Dn¥i°Ñ¾\ Hans-Georg Gadamer, Truth and Method ›N¡q¯u²z»P¤èªk¡r›O¡]New York: Seabury Press, 1975¡^¡C¤¤¤åªº¾É½×§@«~¥i°Ñ¾\®ï¹©¡G¡m²z¸Ñªº©R¹B¡n¡]¥_¨Ê¡G¤TÁp®Ñ©±¡A1988¡^¡C {15}Hirsch, The Aims of Interpretation, p.2. {16}®}´_Æ[¡G¡qÄÀ¸Öªº¤ñ»P–«·s³þ©w¤¤°ê¸ÖªºªY½à°ò¦¡r¡A¶ 114¡C {17}°Ñ¨£©å¤å ``Reading Traditional Chinese Poetics from the West: Three Exemplary Positions,'' pp. 308-320. {18}°Ñ¾\ Stephen Owen, ``The Anxiety of Global Influence: What is World Poetry?'' ›N¡q¥@¬É©Ê¼vÅTªºµJ¼{¡G¦ó¿×¥@¬É¸Öºq¡H¡r›Oin The New Republic¡]Nov 1990¡^, pp.28-32. ¥L¦b¤å¤¤¥Dn¬O°w¹ï¥_®qªº§@«~¤Î³Á¹Dºq¹ï¨ä§@«~ªº^Ķ¡F¨£ Bonnie S. McDougall, The August Sleepwalker¡]London: Anvil Press, 1988¡^. {19}Rey Chow, Writing Diaspora: Tactics of Intervention in Contemporary Cultural Studies ¡]Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1993¡^, pp.3-5. {20}§Ú¨Ã¤£§¹¥þ¦P·N©P¤óªº½×ÂI¡A¦]¬°¥H¤U¨âÓ°ÝÃD¨ä¹ê¬O¥i¥H¦P®É¨Ã¦sªº¡Gº~¾Ç®aªºµJ¼{»P²{¤µªº¤å¾Ç³Ð§@¦b½×z¤Wªº°Ó«~¤Æ¡]§Y¾E´N¥D¾É½×zªº¿³½ì¡^¡C
|